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Mr. Gibney

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: A

2. ANS: C

3. ANS: A

4. ANS: D

5. ANS: B

6. ANS: C

7. ANS: D

8. ANS: B

9. ANS: C

10. ANS: D

11. ANS: A

12. ANS: C

13. ANS: B

14. ANS: D

15. ANS: A

16. ANS: A

17. ANS: C

18. ANS: B

19. ANS: D

20. ANS: A

21. ANS: B

22. ANS: C

23. ANS: C

24. ANS: B

MATCHING

25. ANS: C

26. ANS: B

27. ANS: C

28. ANS: D
29. ANS: A

ESSAY

30. ANS:
Major themes are: cell structure and function; stability and homeostasis; heredity; evolution; interdependence; and matter, energy, and organization. Stability refers to the control of cells and homeostasis. Heredity is the study of the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring. Evolution refers to changes in species over time. Interdependence refers to ecology and the interaction of organisms with each other and the environment. Matter, energy, and organization refers to the need all living things have for energy.


31. ANS:
Protein channels that assist the diffusion of substances through the cell membrane do so by facilitated diffusion. Facilitated diffusion works in two directions. As long as a molecule or ion fits into the channel, it is free to pass through in either direction. Each kind of molecule or ion diffuses toward the side where it is least concentrated, eventually balancing the concentrations.
Active transport, on the other hand, allows ions to move through the cell membrane in one direction only, like a turnstile at a subway station. Active transport enables a cell to stockpile certain substances in far greater concentrations than they occur outside the cell. Almost all active transport in cells is carried out by the sodium-potassium pump and the proton pump.


32. ANS:
To remain alive and function optimally, cells, tissues, organs, and organisms must maintain a biological balance. Cells maintain this balance, or homeostasis, by controlling and regulating cell biology in response to their immediate environment.


33. ANS:
Endocytosis is the process taking place in Figure “A.” Endocytosis is the process by which cells engulf substances that are too large to enter the cell by passing through the cell membrane. Exocytosis is the process taking place in Figure “B.” Exocytosis is the process by which cellular wastes are discharged from sacs at the cell’s surface.